INTRODUCTION: This passage records the reigns of five kings of Israel and one king of Judah. It is mostly a story of conspiracies and short reigns. Especially in Israel, we see the time growing short as the reigns become less and less stable. Judgment is coming soon and time for true repentance is fading away. The end of the reign of Pekah of Israel (2 Kings 15:31And the rest of the acts of Pekah, and all that he did, behold, they are written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel.
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1. ZACHARIAH KING OF ISRAEL (2 Kings 15:8-12 [8] In the thirty and eighth year of Azariah king of Judah did Zachariah the son of Jeroboam reign over Israel in Samaria six months. [9] And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD, as his fathers had done: he departed not from the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel to sin. [10] And Shallum the son of Jabesh conspired against him, and smote him before the people, and slew him, and reigned in his stead. [11] And the rest of the acts of Zachariah, behold, they are written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel. [12] This was the word of the LORD which he spake unto Jehu, saying, Thy sons shall sit on the throne of Israel unto the fourth generation. And so it came to pass.
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1. The Details of His Reign (2 Kings 15:8In the thirty and eighth year of Azariah king of Judah did Zachariah the son of Jeroboam reign over Israel in Samaria six months.
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1. The Details of His Reign (2 Kings 15:8In the thirty and eighth year of Azariah king of Judah did Zachariah the son of Jeroboam reign over Israel in Samaria six months.
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2. Reigned in Samaria for 6 months
2. The Character of His Reign (2 Kings 15:9And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD, as his fathers had done: he departed not from the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel to sin.
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1. Did evil in the sight of the Lord
2. Departed not from the sins of Jeroboam
3. The End of His Reign (2 Kings 15:10-11 [10] And Shallum the son of Jabesh conspired against him, and smote him before the people, and slew him, and reigned in his stead. [11] And the rest of the acts of Zachariah, behold, they are written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel.
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1. The conspiracy against him by Shallum (2 Kings 15:10And Shallum the son of Jabesh conspired against him, and smote him before the people, and slew him, and reigned in his stead.
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1. Conspired against him
2. Smote him before the people
3. Slew him
4. Reigned in his stead
2. The rest of his acts (2 Kings 15:11And the rest of the acts of Zachariah, behold, they are written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel.
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4. The End of the House of Jehu (2 Kings 15:12This was the word of the LORD which he spake unto Jehu, saying, Thy sons shall sit on the throne of Israel unto the fourth generation. And so it came to pass.
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1. The fourth generation of Jehu to reign
1. Jehoahaz (2 Kings 13:1In the three and twentieth year of Joash the son of Ahaziah king of Judah Jehoahaz the son of Jehu began to reign over Israel in Samaria, and reigned seventeen years.
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2. Jehoash (2 Kings 13:10In the thirty and seventh year of Joash king of Judah began Jehoash the son of Jehoahaz to reign over Israel in Samaria, and reigned sixteen years.
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3. Jeroboam (2 Kings 13:13And Joash slept with his fathers; and Jeroboam sat upon his throne: and Joash was buried in Samaria with the kings of Israel.
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4. Zachariah (2 Kings 14:29And Jeroboam slept with his fathers, even with the kings of Israel; and Zachariah his son reigned in his stead.
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2. The fulfillment of God’s promise to Jehu (2 Kings 10:30And the LORD said unto Jehu, Because thou hast done well in executing that which is right in mine eyes, and hast done unto the house of Ahab according to all that was in mine heart, thy children of the fourth generation shall sit on the throne of Israel.
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2. SHALLUM KING OF ISRAEL (2 Kings 15:13-16 [13] Shallum the son of Jabesh began to reign in the nine and thirtieth year of Uzziah king of Judah; and he reigned a full month in Samaria. [14] For Menahem the son of Gadi went up from Tirzah, and came to Samaria, and smote Shallum the son of Jabesh in Samaria, and slew him, and reigned in his stead. [15] And the rest of the acts of Shallum, and his conspiracy which he made, behold, they are written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel. [16] Then Menahem smote Tiphsah, and all that were therein, and the coasts thereof from Tirzah: because they opened not to him, therefore he smote it; and all the women therein that were with child he ripped up.
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1. The Details of His Reign (2 Kings 15:13Shallum the son of Jabesh began to reign in the nine and thirtieth year of Uzziah king of Judah; and he reigned a full month in Samaria.
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1. Began in the 39th year of Uzziah or Azariah
2. Reigned for one month in Samaria
2. The End of His Reign (2 Kings 15:14-15 [14] For Menahem the son of Gadi went up from Tirzah, and came to Samaria, and smote Shallum the son of Jabesh in Samaria, and slew him, and reigned in his stead. [15] And the rest of the acts of Shallum, and his conspiracy which he made, behold, they are written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel.
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1. The conspiracy against him by Menahem (2 Kings 15:14For Menahem the son of Gadi went up from Tirzah, and came to Samaria, and smote Shallum the son of Jabesh in Samaria, and slew him, and reigned in his stead.
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1. Went up from Tirzah
1. City in Ephraim that served as an early capital of Israel (1 Kings 14:17And Jeroboam's wife arose, and departed, and came to Tirzah: and when she came to the threshold of the door, the child died;
   See All...; 1 Kings 15:21And it came to pass, when Baasha heard thereof, that he left off building of Ramah, and dwelt in Tirzah.
   See All...; 1 Kings 16:6So Baasha slept with his fathers, and was buried in Tirzah: and Elah his son reigned in his stead.
   See All..., 8, 9, 15, 17, 23)
2. Omri (father of Ahab) moved the capital of Israel to Samaria (1 Kings 16:23-28 [23] In the thirty and first year of Asa king of Judah began Omri to reign over Israel, twelve years: six years reigned he in Tirzah. [24] And he bought the hill Samaria of Shemer for two talents of silver, and built on the hill, and called the name of the city which he built, after the name of Shemer, owner of the hill, Samaria. [25] But Omri wrought evil in the eyes of the LORD, and did worse than all that were before him. [26] For he walked in all the way of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, and in his sin wherewith he made Israel to sin, to provoke the LORD God of Israel to anger with their vanities. [27] Now the rest of the acts of Omri which he did, and his might that he shewed, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel? [28] So Omri slept with his fathers, and was buried in Samaria: and Ahab his son reigned in his stead.
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3. Omri (father of Ahab) moved the capital of Israel to Samaria (1 Kings 16:23-28 [23] In the thirty and first year of Asa king of Judah began Omri to reign over Israel, twelve years: six years reigned he in Tirzah. [24] And he bought the hill Samaria of Shemer for two talents of silver, and built on the hill, and called the name of the city which he built, after the name of Shemer, owner of the hill, Samaria. [25] But Omri wrought evil in the eyes of the LORD, and did worse than all that were before him. [26] For he walked in all the way of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, and in his sin wherewith he made Israel to sin, to provoke the LORD God of Israel to anger with their vanities. [27] Now the rest of the acts of Omri which he did, and his might that he shewed, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel? [28] So Omri slept with his fathers, and was buried in Samaria: and Ahab his son reigned in his stead.
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2. Slew Shallum in Samaria
3. Reigned in his stead
2. The rest of his acts (2 Kings 15:15And the rest of the acts of Shallum, and his conspiracy which he made, behold, they are written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel.
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3. The Successor to His Kingdom (2 Kings 15:16Then Menahem smote Tiphsah, and all that were therein, and the coasts thereof from Tirzah: because they opened not to him, therefore he smote it; and all the women therein that were with child he ripped up.
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1. The destruction of Menahem
2. The cruelty of Menahem
3. MENAHEM KING OF ISRAEL (2 Kings 15:17-22 [17] In the nine and thirtieth year of Azariah king of Judah began Menahem the son of Gadi to reign over Israel, and reigned ten years in Samaria. [18] And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD: he departed not all his days from the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel to sin. [19] And Pul the king of Assyria came against the land: and Menahem gave Pul a thousand talents of silver, that his hand might be with him to confirm the kingdom in his hand. [20] And Menahem exacted the money of Israel, even of all the mighty men of wealth, of each man fifty shekels of silver, to give to the king of Assyria. So the king of Assyria turned back, and stayed not there in the land. [21] And the rest of the acts of Menahem, and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel? [22] And Menahem slept with his fathers; and Pekahiah his son reigned in his stead.
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1. The Details of his Reign (2 Kings 15:17In the nine and thirtieth year of Azariah king of Judah began Menahem the son of Gadi to reign over Israel, and reigned ten years in Samaria.
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1. Began in the 39th year of Uzziah or Azariah
2. Reigned in Samaria 10 years
2. The Character of His Reign (2 Kings 15:18And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD: he departed not all his days from the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel to sin.
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1. Did evil in the sight of the Lord
2. Departed not from the sins of Jeroboam
3. The Tribute Given to Assyria (2 Kings 15:19-20 [19] And Pul the king of Assyria came against the land: and Menahem gave Pul a thousand talents of silver, that his hand might be with him to confirm the kingdom in his hand. [20] And Menahem exacted the money of Israel, even of all the mighty men of wealth, of each man fifty shekels of silver, to give to the king of Assyria. So the king of Assyria turned back, and stayed not there in the land.
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1. The tribute demanded by Assyria (2 Kings 15:19And Pul the king of Assyria came against the land: and Menahem gave Pul a thousand talents of silver, that his hand might be with him to confirm the kingdom in his hand.
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1. The invasion of Pul king of Assyria
2. Menahem’s gift of 1000 talents of silver
3. Pul’s agreement to confirm the reign of Menahem
2. The money taken from Israel (2 Kings 15:20And Menahem exacted the money of Israel, even of all the mighty men of wealth, of each man fifty shekels of silver, to give to the king of Assyria. So the king of Assyria turned back, and stayed not there in the land.
   See All...); the mighty men of wealth each gave 50 shekels so the king of Assyria would turn back.
4. The End of His Reign (2 Kings 15:21-22 [21] And the rest of the acts of Menahem, and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel? [22] And Menahem slept with his fathers; and Pekahiah his son reigned in his stead.
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1. The rest of his acts are in the chronicles of Israel’s kings (2 Kings 15:21And the rest of the acts of Menahem, and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?
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2. When he died, his son reigned in his stead (2 Kings 15:22And Menahem slept with his fathers; and Pekahiah his son reigned in his stead.
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4. PEKAHIAH KING OF ISRAEL (2 Kings 15:23-26 [23] In the fiftieth year of Azariah king of Judah Pekahiah the son of Menahem began to reign over Israel in Samaria, and reigned two years. [24] And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD: he departed not from the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel to sin. [25] But Pekah the son of Remaliah, a captain of his, conspired against him, and smote him in Samaria, in the palace of the king's house, with Argob and Arieh, and with him fifty men of the Gileadites: and he killed him, and reigned in his room. [26] And the rest of the acts of Pekahiah, and all that he did, behold, they are written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel.
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1. The Details of His Reign (2 Kings 15:23In the fiftieth year of Azariah king of Judah Pekahiah the son of Menahem began to reign over Israel in Samaria, and reigned two years.
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1. Began in the 50th year of Uzziah or Azariah
2. Reigned in Samaria for 2 years
2. The Character of His Reign (2 Kings 15:24And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD: he departed not from the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel to sin.
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1. Did evil in the sight of the Lord
2. Departed not from the sins of Jeroboam
3. The End of His Reign (2 Kings 15:25-26 [25] But Pekah the son of Remaliah, a captain of his, conspired against him, and smote him in Samaria, in the palace of the king's house, with Argob and Arieh, and with him fifty men of the Gileadites: and he killed him, and reigned in his room. [26] And the rest of the acts of Pekahiah, and all that he did, behold, they are written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel.
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1. The conspiracy against him by Pekah (2 Kings 15:25But Pekah the son of Remaliah, a captain of his, conspired against him, and smote him in Samaria, in the palace of the king's house, with Argob and Arieh, and with him fifty men of the Gileadites: and he killed him, and reigned in his room.
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1. Smote him in the palace in Samaria
2. Argob and Arich died with the king.
3. Fifty Gileadites conspired with Pekah.
4. Pekah reigned in his stead.
2. The rest of his acts (2 Kings 15:26And the rest of the acts of Pekahiah, and all that he did, behold, they are written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel.
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5. PEKAH KING OF ISRAEL (2 Kings 15:27-31 [27] In the two and fiftieth year of Azariah king of Judah Pekah the son of Remaliah began to reign over Israel in Samaria, and reigned twenty years. [28] And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD: he departed not from the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel to sin. [29] In the days of Pekah king of Israel came Tiglathpileser king of Assyria, and took Ijon, and Abelbethmaachah, and Janoah, and Kedesh, and Hazor, and Gilead, and Galilee, all the land of Naphtali, and carried them captive to Assyria. [30] And Hoshea the son of Elah made a conspiracy against Pekah the son of Remaliah, and smote him, and slew him, and reigned in his stead, in the twentieth year of Jotham the son of Uzziah. [31] And the rest of the acts of Pekah, and all that he did, behold, they are written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel.
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1. The Details of His Reign (2 Kings 15:27In the two and fiftieth year of Azariah king of Judah Pekah the son of Remaliah began to reign over Israel in Samaria, and reigned twenty years.
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1. Began in the 52nd year of Uzziah or Azariah
2. Reigned in Samaria for 20 years
2. The Character of His Reign (2 Kings 15:28And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD: he departed not from the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel to sin.
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1. Did evil in the sight of the Lord
2. Departed not from the sins of Jeroboam
3. The Partial Captivity of the Land (2 Kings 15:29In the days of Pekah king of Israel came Tiglathpileser king of Assyria, and took Ijon, and Abelbethmaachah, and Janoah, and Kedesh, and Hazor, and Gilead, and Galilee, all the land of Naphtali, and carried them captive to Assyria.
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1. The invasion of Tiglathpileser king of Assyria
2. The taking of large portions of Israel (1 Chronicles 5:26And the God of Israel stirred up the spirit of Pul king of Assyria, and the spirit of Tilgathpilneser king of Assyria, and he carried them away, even the Reubenites, and the Gadites, and the half tribe of Manasseh, and brought them unto Halah, and Habor, and Hara, and to the river Gozan, unto this day.
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1. Ijon
2. Abelbethmaachah
3. Janaoh
4. Kedesh
5. Hazor
6. Gilead
7. Galilee
8. All the land of Naphtali
3. The carrying into captivity
4. The End of His Reign (2 Kings 15:30-31 [30] And Hoshea the son of Elah made a conspiracy against Pekah the son of Remaliah, and smote him, and slew him, and reigned in his stead, in the twentieth year of Jotham the son of Uzziah. [31] And the rest of the acts of Pekah, and all that he did, behold, they are written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel.
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1. The conspiracy against him by Hoshea (2 Kings 15:30And Hoshea the son of Elah made a conspiracy against Pekah the son of Remaliah, and smote him, and slew him, and reigned in his stead, in the twentieth year of Jotham the son of Uzziah.
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1. Smote him, slew him and reigned in his stead
2. In the 20th year of Jotham son of Uzziah or Azariah
2. The rest of his acts (2 Kings 15:31And the rest of the acts of Pekah, and all that he did, behold, they are written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel.
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6. JOTHAM KING OF JUDAH (2 Kings 15:32-38 [32] In the second year of Pekah the son of Remaliah king of Israel began Jotham the son of Uzziah king of Judah to reign. [33] Five and twenty years old was he when he began to reign, and he reigned sixteen years in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Jerusha, the daughter of Zadok. [34] And he did that which was right in the sight of the LORD: he did according to all that his father Uzziah had done. [35] Howbeit the high places were not removed: the people sacrificed and burned incense still in the high places. He built the higher gate of the house of the LORD. [36] Now the rest of the acts of Jotham, and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah? [37] In those days the LORD began to send against Judah Rezin the king of Syria, and Pekah the son of Remaliah. [38] And Jotham slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David his father: and Ahaz his son reigned in his stead.
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1. The Details of His Reign (2 Kings 15:32-33 [32] In the second year of Pekah the son of Remaliah king of Israel began Jotham the son of Uzziah king of Judah to reign. [33] Five and twenty years old was he when he began to reign, and he reigned sixteen years in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Jerusha, the daughter of Zadok.
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1. The son of Uzziah or Azariah (2 Kings 15:32In the second year of Pekah the son of Remaliah king of Israel began Jotham the son of Uzziah king of Judah to reign.
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2. Began in the 2nd year of Pekah (2 Kings 15:32In the second year of Pekah the son of Remaliah king of Israel began Jotham the son of Uzziah king of Judah to reign.
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3. Began when he was 25 years old (2 Kings 15:33Five and twenty years old was he when he began to reign, and he reigned sixteen years in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Jerusha, the daughter of Zadok.
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4. Reigned for 16 years in Jerusalem (2 Kings 15:33Five and twenty years old was he when he began to reign, and he reigned sixteen years in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Jerusha, the daughter of Zadok.
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5. His mother was Jerusha, daughter of Zadok (2 Kings 15:33Five and twenty years old was he when he began to reign, and he reigned sixteen years in Jerusalem. And his mother's name was Jerusha, the daughter of Zadok.
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2. The Character of His Reign (2 Kings 15:34-35 [34] And he did that which was right in the sight of the LORD: he did according to all that his father Uzziah had done. [35] Howbeit the high places were not removed: the people sacrificed and burned incense still in the high places. He built the higher gate of the house of the LORD.
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1. Did right in the sight of the Lord (2 Kings 15:34And he did that which was right in the sight of the LORD: he did according to all that his father Uzziah had done.
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2. He prepared his ways before the Lord his God (2 Chronicles 27:6So Jotham became mighty, because he prepared his ways before the LORD his God.
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3. Did not remove the high places so the people continued to sacrifice there (2 Kings 15:35Howbeit the high places were not removed: the people sacrificed and burned incense still in the high places. He built the higher gate of the house of the LORD.
   See All...a; 2 Chronicles 27:2And he did that which was right in the sight of the LORD, according to all that his father Uzziah did: howbeit he entered not into the temple of the LORD. And the people did yet corruptly.
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3. The Events of His Reign (2 Kings 15:35Howbeit the high places were not removed: the people sacrificed and burned incense still in the high places. He built the higher gate of the house of the LORD.
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1. His building projects (2 Kings 15:35Howbeit the high places were not removed: the people sacrificed and burned incense still in the high places. He built the higher gate of the house of the LORD.
   See All...b; 2 Chronicles 27:3-4 [3] He built the high gate of the house of the LORD, and on the wall of Ophel he built much. [4] Moreover he built cities in the mountains of Judah, and in the forests he built castles and towers.
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2. His conquests (2 Chronicles 27:5He fought also with the king of the Ammonites, and prevailed against them. And the children of Ammon gave him the same year an hundred talents of silver, and ten thousand measures of wheat, and ten thousand of barley. So much did the children of Ammon pay unto him, both the second year, and the third.
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3. The rest of this acts (2 Kings 15:36Now the rest of the acts of Jotham, and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah?
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4. His adversaries (2 Kings 15:37In those days the LORD began to send against Judah Rezin the king of Syria, and Pekah the son of Remaliah.
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1. Rezin king of Syria
2. Pekah king of Israel
4. The End of His Reign (2 Kings 15:38And Jotham slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David his father: and Ahaz his son reigned in his stead.
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1. Buried with his fathers in the city of David
2. Ahaz his son reigned in his stead.

CONCLUSION: Israel’s wickedness leads to an unstable environment. This further emphasizes the importance of Uzziah’s righteousness and stability in Judah.