Can you explain the woman being hid in Revelation 12 and Israel's part in the tribulation?

Revelation 12:1-3 [1] And there appeared a great wonder in heaven; a woman clothed with the sun, and the moon under her feet, and upon her head a crown of twelve stars: [2] And she being with child cried, travailing in birth, and pained to be delivered. [3] And there appeared another wonder in heaven; and behold a great red dragon, having seven heads and ten horns, and seven crowns upon his heads.
See All... And there appeared a great wonder in heaven; a woman clothed with the sun, and the moon under her feet, and upon her head a crown of twelve stars: And she being with child cried, travailing in birth, and pained to be delivered. And there appeared another wonder in heaven; and behold a great red dragon, having seven heads and ten horns, and seven crowns upon his heads.

The key characters of Revelation 12 are:

1. a woman
2. a child
3. the dragon

Here we see them introduced in the first three verses of the chapter. The dragon is the easiest to identify. He is the devil. Revelation 12:9And the great dragon was cast out, that old serpent, called the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world: he was cast out into the earth, and his angels were cast out with him.
See All... tells us, "the great dragon was cast out, that old serpent, called the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world."

The woman (though this is denied by some) must be the nation of Israel. Her connection with the sun, moon, and twelve stars is a direct reference to the dream of Joseph in Genesis 37:9-11 [9] And he dreamed yet another dream, and told it his brethren, and said, Behold, I have dreamed a dream more; and, behold, the sun and the moon and the eleven stars made obeisance to me. [10] And he told it to his father, and to his brethren: and his father rebuked him, and said unto him, What is this dream that thou hast dreamed? Shall I and thy mother and thy brethren indeed come to bow down ourselves to thee to the earth? [11] And his brethren envied him; but his father observed the saying.
See All... where the original family of Israel is identified as a sun, moon, and twelve stars.

The woman "brought forth a man child, who was to rule all nations with a rod of iron: and her child was caught up unto God, and to his throne" (Revelation 12:5And she brought forth a man child, who was to rule all nations with a rod of iron: and her child was caught up unto God, and to his throne.
See All...). Though some see a special tribulation birth in this, I cannot see this. The One who will rule all nations with a rod of iron is clearly identified in scripture as the Lord Jesus Christ. We see this in Psalm 2:9Thou shalt break them with a rod of iron; thou shalt dash them in pieces like a potter's vessel.
See All...; Revelation 2:27And he shall rule them with a rod of iron; as the vessels of a potter shall they be broken to shivers: even as I received of my Father.
See All...; and, Revelation 19:15And out of his mouth goeth a sharp sword, that with it he should smite the nations: and he shall rule them with a rod of iron: and he treadeth the winepress of the fierceness and wrath of Almighty God.
See All.... To make this refer to someone other than Christ flies in the face of these verses. And, the man child being Jesus further supports the woman being the nation of Israel.

In what is clearly the last half of the tribulation (called the great tribulation), "the woman fled into the wilderness, where she hath a place prepared of God, that they should feed her there a thousand two hundred and threescore days" (Revelation 12:6And the woman fled into the wilderness, where she hath a place prepared of God, that they should feed her there a thousand two hundred and threescore days.
See All...). The number of days in this passage - 1290 days - is equivalent to 3 1/2 years and this is also the meaning of "a time, and times, and half a time" in verse 14. Matthew 24:15-22 [15] When ye therefore shall see the abomination of desolation, spoken of by Daniel the prophet, stand in the holy place, (whoso readeth, let him understand:) [16] Then let them which be in Judaea flee into the mountains: [17] Let him which is on the housetop not come down to take any thing out of his house: [18] Neither let him which is in the field return back to take his clothes. [19] And woe unto them that are with child, and to them that give suck in those days! [20] But pray ye that your flight be not in the winter, neither on the sabbath day: [21] For then shall be great tribulation, such as was not since the beginning of the world to this time, no, nor ever shall be. [22] And except those days should be shortened, there should no flesh be saved: but for the elect's sake those days shall be shortened.
See All... refers to the time of the abomination of desolation and the need for Israel at this time to flee into the mountains (the wilderness) because it is a time of "great tribulation, such as was not since the beginning of the world to this time, no, nor ever shall be" (Matthew 24:21For then shall be great tribulation, such as was not since the beginning of the world to this time, no, nor ever shall be.
See All...). This perfectly matches the woman fleeing into the wilderness in Revelation 12. The abomination of desolation is the time when the antichrist will go into the temple in Jerusalem and declare himself to be God (2 Thessalonians 2:4Who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or that is worshipped; so that he as God sitteth in the temple of God, shewing himself that he is God.
See All...). It is also the time when he breaks his covenant with Israel (proving it to be a covenant of death - Isaiah 28:15-19 [15] Because ye have said, We have made a covenant with death, and with hell are we at agreement; when the overflowing scourge shall pass through, it shall not come unto us: for we have made lies our refuge, and under falsehood have we hid ourselves: [16] Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD, Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation a stone, a tried stone, a precious corner stone, a sure foundation: he that believeth shall not make haste. [17] Judgment also will I lay to the line, and righteousness to the plummet: and the hail shall sweep away the refuge of lies, and the waters shall overflow the hiding place. [18] And your covenant with death shall be disannulled, and your agreement with hell shall not stand; when the overflowing scourge shall pass through, then ye shall be trodden down by it. [19] From the time that it goeth forth it shall take you: for morning by morning shall it pass over, by day and by night: and it shall be a vexation only to understand the report.
See All...) and he earnestly seeks to totally destroy the people of Israel - the final final solution.

The children of Israel flee to the wilderness and hide there in a place prepared by God (Revelation 12:6And the woman fled into the wilderness, where she hath a place prepared of God, that they should feed her there a thousand two hundred and threescore days.
See All...). She is "given two wings of a great eagle, that she might fly into the wilderness, into her place" (Revelation 12:14And to the woman were given two wings of a great eagle, that she might fly into the wilderness, into her place, where she is nourished for a time, and times, and half a time, from the face of the serpent.
See All...). We can only speculate about the two wings of a great eagle. Many have looked at some sort of air force. I do not know. Many prophecy teachers identify the place as Petra. I am not personally convinced that this is the place prepared by God. Really, it does not matter. According to Jeremiah 31:1-2 [1] At the same time, saith the LORD, will I be the God of all the families of Israel, and they shall be my people. [2] Thus saith the LORD, The people which were left of the sword found grace in the wilderness; even Israel, when I went to cause him to rest.
See All..., "The people which were left of the sword found grace in the wilderness; even Israel, when I went to cause him to rest." What a sweet sound! Grace in the wilderness.

The devil attempts to destroy the woman by a flood of waters out of his mouth, but the earth opens her mouth and swallows the waters of the flood (Revelation 12:15-16 [15] And the serpent cast out of his mouth water as a flood after the woman, that he might cause her to be carried away of the flood. [16] And the earth helped the woman, and the earth opened her mouth, and swallowed up the flood which the dragon cast out of his mouth.
See All...). Is this a diverted lake? Is is something else? I do not know. We can get the general picture of these prophecies and understand the teaching, but sometimes the particulars of the fulfillment can only be seen after the fact. That is one of the special features of much of the prophecy found in the Bible. We can see where it is heading, but full clarity comes after fulfillment. However, when the prophecy is fulfilled, we can see that only divine foreknowledge could have prophesied the event in such detail. What a God!

The devil continues to make war with the faithful seed of Israel (Revelation 12:17And the dragon was wroth with the woman, and went to make war with the remnant of her seed, which keep the commandments of God, and have the testimony of Jesus Christ.
See All...) until the Lord Jesus Christ returns at the battle of Armageddon and destroys the armies of the devil (Revelation 17:14These shall make war with the Lamb, and the Lamb shall overcome them: for he is Lord of lords, and King of kings: and they that are with him are called, and chosen, and faithful.
See All...; 19:19-20
See All...). Then, the remnant of Israel will be received into their promised kingdom on earth. God will fulfill all His promises. Israel will have her kingdom.