INTRODUCTION: As in the previous chapter, we see here a plain telling of events without any explanation of good or evil. However, these first two chapters are setting up the circumstances for a powerful story. The real conflict begins in chapter three. As in chapter one, this lesson shows us the ways of the world. It is up to the student and the teacher to contrast the ways of the world (as seen here) with the ways of God (as clearly established in other parts of the Bible). As you study this passage, be on the lookout for what is missing in the ways of the world; for how God is left out; for how God’s ways differ from those of the world.

1. THE SEARCH FOR A QUEEN (Esther 2:1-4 [1] After these things, when the wrath of king Ahasuerus was appeased, he remembered Vashti, and what she had done, and what was decreed against her. [2] Then said the king's servants that ministered unto him, Let there be fair young virgins sought for the king: [3] And let the king appoint officers in all the provinces of his kingdom, that they may gather together all the fair young virgins unto Shushan the palace, to the house of the women, unto the custody of Hege the king's chamberlain, keeper of the women; and let their things for purification be given them: [4] And let the maiden which pleaseth the king be queen instead of Vashti. And the thing pleased the king; and he did so.
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1. When the King’s Wrath Diminished (Esther 2:1After these things, when the wrath of king Ahasuerus was appeased, he remembered Vashti, and what she had done, and what was decreed against her.
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1. He remembered Vashti (Esther 1:11To bring Vashti the queen before the king with the crown royal, to shew the people and the princes her beauty: for she was fair to look on.
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2. He remembered his decree (Esther 1:19If it please the king, let there go a royal commandment from him, and let it be written among the laws of the Persians and the Medes, that it be not altered, That Vashti come no more before king Ahasuerus; and let the king give her royal estate unto another that is better than she.
   See All...; Esther 8:8Write ye also for the Jews, as it liketh you, in the king's name, and seal it with the king's ring: for the writing which is written in the king's name, and sealed with the king's ring, may no man reverse.
   See All...; Daniel 6:11-15 [11] Then these men assembled, and found Daniel praying and making supplication before his God. [12] Then they came near, and spake before the king concerning the king's decree; Hast thou not signed a decree, that every man that shall ask a petition of any God or man within thirty days, save of thee, O king, shall be cast into the den of lions? The king answered and said, The thing is true, according to the law of the Medes and Persians, which altereth not. [13] Then answered they and said before the king, That Daniel, which is of the children of the captivity of Judah, regardeth not thee, O king, nor the decree that thou hast signed, but maketh his petition three times a day. [14] Then the king, when he heard these words, was sore displeased with himself, and set his heart on Daniel to deliver him: and he laboured till the going down of the sun to deliver him. [15] Then these men assembled unto the king, and said unto the king, Know, O king, that the law of the Medes and Persians is, That no decree nor statute which the king establisheth may be changed.
   See All...; compare Deuteronomy 17:6At the mouth of two witnesses, or three witnesses, shall he that is worthy of death be put to death; but at the mouth of one witness he shall not be put to death.
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3. Note: It is very likely that Ahasuerus is remembering these things as the alcohol wears off.
4. Note: He could not go back and change the past, so he had to figure out where to go from here (see Philippians 3:13-14 [13] Thou wentest forth for the salvation of thy people, even for salvation with thine anointed; thou woundedst the head out of the house of the wicked, by discovering the foundation unto the neck. Selah. [14] Thou didst strike through with his staves the head of his villages: they came out as a whirlwind to scatter me: their rejoicing was as to devour the poor secretly.
   See All...). He could not reestablish Queen Vashti. He must find a new queen.
2. When a Plan Could Be Established (Esther 2:2-4 [2] Then said the king's servants that ministered unto him, Let there be fair young virgins sought for the king: [3] And let the king appoint officers in all the provinces of his kingdom, that they may gather together all the fair young virgins unto Shushan the palace, to the house of the women, unto the custody of Hege the king's chamberlain, keeper of the women; and let their things for purification be given them: [4] And let the maiden which pleaseth the king be queen instead of Vashti. And the thing pleased the king; and he did so.
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1. Young maidens sought (Esther 2:2Then said the king's servants that ministered unto him, Let there be fair young virgins sought for the king:
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1. The king’s servants devised a plan.
2. Fair young virgins would be sought for the king.
1. Fair: they had to be pretty (Genesis 12:11And it came to pass, when he was come near to enter into Egypt, that he said unto Sarai his wife, Behold now, I know that thou art a fair woman to look upon:
   See All...; Genesis 24:16And the damsel was very fair to look upon, a virgin, neither had any man known her: and she went down to the well, and filled her pitcher, and came up.
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2. Young: no older women for the king
3. Virgins: the king wanted a pure young lady.
3. Note: This is the method of an unsaved but powerful king. He went shopping for a wife much as one goes shopping for any important purchase. He gathered the best and checked them out one at a time. But remember, this is the world’s plan for seeking a wife.
2. Young maidens purified (Esther 2:3And let the king appoint officers in all the provinces of his kingdom, that they may gather together all the fair young virgins unto Shushan the palace, to the house of the women, unto the custody of Hege the king's chamberlain, keeper of the women; and let their things for purification be given them:
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1. Officers were appointed for the task.
2. Young virgins were gathered to Shushan.
1. To the house of the women
2. Into the custody of Hege or Hegai the king’s chamberlain
3. Items for purification (beauty treatments) were given to the young women (see Esther 2:12Now when every maid's turn was come to go in to king Ahasuerus, after that she had been twelve months, according to the manner of the women, (for so were the days of their purifications accomplished, to wit, six months with oil of myrrh, and six months with sweet odours, and with other things for the purifying of the women;)
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3. Young maidens considered (Esther 2:4And let the maiden which pleaseth the king be queen instead of Vashti. And the thing pleased the king; and he did so.
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1. The maid to please the king would be queen.
2. The king was pleased with this plan.
2. THE PURIFICATION OF ESTHER (Esther 2:5-11 [5] Now in Shushan the palace there was a certain Jew, whose name was Mordecai, the son of Jair, the son of Shimei, the son of Kish, a Benjamite; [6] Who had been carried away from Jerusalem with the captivity which had been carried away with Jeconiah king of Judah, whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had carried away. [7] And he brought up Hadassah, that is, Esther, his uncle's daughter: for she had neither father nor mother, and the maid was fair and beautiful; whom Mordecai, when her father and mother were dead, took for his own daughter. [8] So it came to pass, when the king's commandment and his decree was heard, and when many maidens were gathered together unto Shushan the palace, to the custody of Hegai, that Esther was brought also unto the king's house, to the custody of Hegai, keeper of the women. [9] And the maiden pleased him, and she obtained kindness of him; and he speedily gave her her things for purification, with such things as belonged to her, and seven maidens, which were meet to be given her, out of the king's house: and he preferred her and her maids unto the best place of the house of the women. [10] Esther had not shewed her people nor her kindred: for Mordecai had charged her that she should not shew it. [11] And Mordecai walked every day before the court of the women's house, to know how Esther did, and what should become of her.
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1. Her Background (Esther 2:5-7 [5] Now in Shushan the palace there was a certain Jew, whose name was Mordecai, the son of Jair, the son of Shimei, the son of Kish, a Benjamite; [6] Who had been carried away from Jerusalem with the captivity which had been carried away with Jeconiah king of Judah, whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had carried away. [7] And he brought up Hadassah, that is, Esther, his uncle's daughter: for she had neither father nor mother, and the maid was fair and beautiful; whom Mordecai, when her father and mother were dead, took for his own daughter.
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1. The identity of Mordecai (Esther 2:5-6 [5] Now in Shushan the palace there was a certain Jew, whose name was Mordecai, the son of Jair, the son of Shimei, the son of Kish, a Benjamite; [6] Who had been carried away from Jerusalem with the captivity which had been carried away with Jeconiah king of Judah, whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had carried away.
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1. He lived in the palace in Shushan; this indicates an important position in the kingdom (Esther 2:5Now in Shushan the palace there was a certain Jew, whose name was Mordecai, the son of Jair, the son of Shimei, the son of Kish, a Benjamite;
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2. He was a Jew of the tribe of Benjamin (Esther 2:5Now in Shushan the palace there was a certain Jew, whose name was Mordecai, the son of Jair, the son of Shimei, the son of Kish, a Benjamite;
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1. King Saul was of the tribe of Benjamin (1 Samuel 9:1-2 [1] Now there was a man of Benjamin, whose name was Kish, the son of Abiel, the son of Zeror, the son of Bechorath, the son of Aphiah, a Benjamite, a mighty man of power. [2] And he had a son, whose name was Saul, a choice young man, and a goodly: and there was not among the children of Israel a goodlier person than he: from his shoulders and upward he was higher than any of the people.
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2. The Apostle Paul was of the tribe of Benjamin (Romans 11:1I say then, Hath God cast away his people? God forbid. For I also am an Israelite, of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin.
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3. Part of the Babylonian captivity (Esther 2:6Who had been carried away from Jerusalem with the captivity which had been carried away with Jeconiah king of Judah, whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had carried away.
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2. Mordecai’s care for Esther (Esther 2:7And he brought up Hadassah, that is, Esther, his uncle's daughter: for she had neither father nor mother, and the maid was fair and beautiful; whom Mordecai, when her father and mother were dead, took for his own daughter.
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1. Also called Hadassah (meaning myrtle )
1. The myrtle is a common evergreen shrub in Israel. It has white flowers and berries that are initially white before turning bluish black. Its branches give a sweet scent especially when crushed. It withstands drought and remains green even after being cut. (See article on “Myrtle” in The Encyclopedia of Jewish Symbols .)
2. Myrtle was one of the kinds of branches used for the making of booths at the feast of the tabernacles (Nehemiah 8:15And that they should publish and proclaim in all their cities, and in Jerusalem, saying, Go forth unto the mount, and fetch olive branches, and pine branches, and myrtle branches, and palm branches, and branches of thick trees, to make booths, as it is written.
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3. The myrtle tree or bush was considered a blessing (Isaiah 41:19I will plant in the wilderness the cedar, the shittah tree, and the myrtle, and the oil tree; I will set in the desert the fir tree, and the pine, and the box tree together:
   See All...; Isaiah 55:13Instead of the thorn shall come up the fir tree, and instead of the brier shall come up the myrtle tree: and it shall be to the LORD for a name, for an everlasting sign that shall not be cut off.
   See All...). It is a sign (Isaiah 55:12-13 [12] For ye shall go out with joy, and be led forth with peace: the mountains and the hills shall break forth before you into singing, and all the trees of the field shall clap their hands. [13] Instead of the thorn shall come up the fir tree, and instead of the brier shall come up the myrtle tree: and it shall be to the LORD for a name, for an everlasting sign that shall not be cut off.
   See All...) that the blessing of the Lord shall never be cut off.
4. In ancient times, Jewish families would welcome the Sabbath with two bouquets of myrtle.
2. A cousin to Mordecai – “his uncle’s daughter”
3. An orphan – “neither father nor mother”
4. Beautiful (Proverbs 11:22As a jewel of gold in a swine's snout, so is a fair woman which is without discretion.
   See All...; Proverbs 31:30Favour is deceitful, and beauty is vain: but a woman that feareth the LORD, she shall be praised.
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5. Taken by Mordecai as his own daughter
2. Her Preparation (Esther 2:8-11 [8] So it came to pass, when the king's commandment and his decree was heard, and when many maidens were gathered together unto Shushan the palace, to the custody of Hegai, that Esther was brought also unto the king's house, to the custody of Hegai, keeper of the women. [9] And the maiden pleased him, and she obtained kindness of him; and he speedily gave her her things for purification, with such things as belonged to her, and seven maidens, which were meet to be given her, out of the king's house: and he preferred her and her maids unto the best place of the house of the women. [10] Esther had not shewed her people nor her kindred: for Mordecai had charged her that she should not shew it. [11] And Mordecai walked every day before the court of the women's house, to know how Esther did, and what should become of her.
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1. The taking of Esther (Esther 2:8So it came to pass, when the king's commandment and his decree was heard, and when many maidens were gathered together unto Shushan the palace, to the custody of Hegai, that Esther was brought also unto the king's house, to the custody of Hegai, keeper of the women.
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1. Many maidens were gathered.
2. Esther was also brought to the palace.
2. The favour given to Esther (Esther 2:9And the maiden pleased him, and she obtained kindness of him; and he speedily gave her her things for purification, with such things as belonged to her, and seven maidens, which were meet to be given her, out of the king's house: and he preferred her and her maids unto the best place of the house of the women.
   See All...; Genesis 39:2-4 [2] And the LORD was with Joseph, and he was a prosperous man; and he was in the house of his master the Egyptian. [3] And his master saw that the LORD was with him, and that the LORD made all that he did to prosper in his hand. [4] And Joseph found grace in his sight, and he served him: and he made him overseer over his house, and all that he had he put into his hand.
   See All..., 21-23; Proverbs 16:7When a man's ways please the LORD, he maketh even his enemies to be at peace with him.
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1. Her favour with the keeper of the women
2. His special care of Esther
1. He showed her kindness.
2. He speedily gave her things for purification.
3. Seven maidens given to minister to her
4. Given the best place of the house of the women
3. The discretion of Esther (Esther 2:10Esther had not shewed her people nor her kindred: for Mordecai had charged her that she should not shew it.
   See All...; Matthew 8:1-4 [1] When he was come down from the mountain, great multitudes followed him. [2] And, behold, there came a leper and worshipped him, saying, Lord, if thou wilt, thou canst make me clean. [3] And Jesus put forth his hand, and touched him, saying, I will; be thou clean. And immediately his leprosy was cleansed. [4] And Jesus saith unto him, See thou tell no man; but go thy way, shew thyself to the priest, and offer the gift that Moses commanded, for a testimony unto them.
   See All...; Matthew 10:16Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves: be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves.
   See All...; Acts 16:22-24 [22] And the multitude rose up together against them: and the magistrates rent off their clothes, and commanded to beat them. [23] And when they had laid many stripes upon them, they cast them into prison, charging the jailor to keep them safely: [24] Who, having received such a charge, thrust them into the inner prison, and made their feet fast in the stocks.
   See All..., 35-39)
1. She did not reveal her people or family.
2. She obeyed the warning of Mordecai in this matter.
4. The caretaker of Esther (Esther 2:11And Mordecai walked every day before the court of the women's house, to know how Esther did, and what should become of her.
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1. Mordecai checked on her daily.
2. He sought to know her condition and prospects.
3. THE CHOOSING OF ESTHER (Esther 2:12-20 [12] Now when every maid's turn was come to go in to king Ahasuerus, after that she had been twelve months, according to the manner of the women, (for so were the days of their purifications accomplished, to wit, six months with oil of myrrh, and six months with sweet odours, and with other things for the purifying of the women;) [13] Then thus came every maiden unto the king; whatsoever she desired was given her to go with her out of the house of the women unto the king's house. [14] In the evening she went, and on the morrow she returned into the second house of the women, to the custody of Shaashgaz, the king's chamberlain, which kept the concubines: she came in unto the king no more, except the king delighted in her, and that she were called by name. [15] Now when the turn of Esther, the daughter of Abihail the uncle of Mordecai, who had taken her for his daughter, was come to go in unto the king, she required nothing but what Hegai the king's chamberlain, the keeper of the women, appointed. And Esther obtained favour in the sight of all them that looked upon her. [16] So Esther was taken unto king Ahasuerus into his house royal in the tenth month, which is the month Tebeth, in the seventh year of his reign. [17] And the king loved Esther above all the women, and she obtained grace and favour in his sight more than all the virgins; so that he set the royal crown upon her head, and made her queen instead of Vashti. [18] Then the king made a great feast unto all his princes and his servants, even Esther's feast; and he made a release to the provinces, and gave gifts, according to the state of the king. [19] And when the virgins were gathered together the second time, then Mordecai sat in the king's gate. [20] Esther had not yet shewed her kindred nor her people; as Mordecai had charged her: for Esther did the commandment of Mordecai, like as when she was brought up with him.
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1. The Consideration of the Maidens (Esther 2:12-14 [12] Now when every maid's turn was come to go in to king Ahasuerus, after that she had been twelve months, according to the manner of the women, (for so were the days of their purifications accomplished, to wit, six months with oil of myrrh, and six months with sweet odours, and with other things for the purifying of the women;) [13] Then thus came every maiden unto the king; whatsoever she desired was given her to go with her out of the house of the women unto the king's house. [14] In the evening she went, and on the morrow she returned into the second house of the women, to the custody of Shaashgaz, the king's chamberlain, which kept the concubines: she came in unto the king no more, except the king delighted in her, and that she were called by name.
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1. Their purification completed (Esther 2:12Now when every maid's turn was come to go in to king Ahasuerus, after that she had been twelve months, according to the manner of the women, (for so were the days of their purifications accomplished, to wit, six months with oil of myrrh, and six months with sweet odours, and with other things for the purifying of the women;)
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1. Getting their turn to go in to the king
2. After twelve months of purification
1. Six months with oil of myrrh
2. Six months with sweet odors
2. Their desires granted (Esther 2:13Then thus came every maiden unto the king; whatsoever she desired was given her to go with her out of the house of the women unto the king's house.
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3. Their status altered (Esther 2:14In the evening she went, and on the morrow she returned into the second house of the women, to the custody of Shaashgaz, the king's chamberlain, which kept the concubines: she came in unto the king no more, except the king delighted in her, and that she were called by name.
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1. Went to the second house of the women
2. Remained as a concubine of the king
1. Unless the king delighted in her
2. Unless the king called her by name
2. The Exaltation of Esther (Esther 2:15-17 [15] Now when the turn of Esther, the daughter of Abihail the uncle of Mordecai, who had taken her for his daughter, was come to go in unto the king, she required nothing but what Hegai the king's chamberlain, the keeper of the women, appointed. And Esther obtained favour in the sight of all them that looked upon her. [16] So Esther was taken unto king Ahasuerus into his house royal in the tenth month, which is the month Tebeth, in the seventh year of his reign. [17] And the king loved Esther above all the women, and she obtained grace and favour in his sight more than all the virgins; so that he set the royal crown upon her head, and made her queen instead of Vashti.
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1. Her favour in the king’s house (Esther 2:15Now when the turn of Esther, the daughter of Abihail the uncle of Mordecai, who had taken her for his daughter, was come to go in unto the king, she required nothing but what Hegai the king's chamberlain, the keeper of the women, appointed. And Esther obtained favour in the sight of all them that looked upon her.
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1. Her turn to go to the king
2. No requirement except what was appointed her (1 Timothy 6:6-8 [6] But godliness with contentment is great gain. [7] For we brought nothing into this world, and it is certain we can carry nothing out. [8] And having food and raiment let us be therewith content.
   See All...; Matthew 23:12And whosoever shall exalt himself shall be abased; and he that shall humble himself shall be exalted.
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3. Gaining favour of all who saw her
2. Her choice as the new queen (Esther 2:16So Esther was taken unto king Ahasuerus into his house royal in the tenth month, which is the month Tebeth, in the seventh year of his reign.
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1. Taken into the royal house as queen
2. Chosen in the seventh year of his reign; four years after the rejection of Vashti (Esther 1:3In the third year of his reign, he made a feast unto all his princes and his servants; the power of Persia and Media, the nobles and princes of the provinces, being before him:
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3. Her grace in the king’s sight (Esther 2:17And the king loved Esther above all the women, and she obtained grace and favour in his sight more than all the virgins; so that he set the royal crown upon her head, and made her queen instead of Vashti.
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1. Loved by the king above all the women
2. Obtained grace and favour more than all the virgins
3. Received the royal crown on her head
4. Made queen in the place of Vashti
3. The Feast to Honour Esther (Esther 2:18-20 [18] Then the king made a great feast unto all his princes and his servants, even Esther's feast; and he made a release to the provinces, and gave gifts, according to the state of the king. [19] And when the virgins were gathered together the second time, then Mordecai sat in the king's gate. [20] Esther had not yet shewed her kindred nor her people; as Mordecai had charged her: for Esther did the commandment of Mordecai, like as when she was brought up with him.
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1. Esther’s place of honour (Esther 2:18Then the king made a great feast unto all his princes and his servants, even Esther's feast; and he made a release to the provinces, and gave gifts, according to the state of the king.
   See All...; 1 Samuel 2:6-8 [6] The LORD killeth, and maketh alive: he bringeth down to the grave, and bringeth up. [7] The LORD maketh poor, and maketh rich: he bringeth low, and lifteth up. [8] He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, and lifteth up the beggar from the dunghill, to set them among princes, and to make them inherit the throne of glory: for the pillars of the earth are the LORD's, and he hath set the world upon them.
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1. A feast for all the princes and servants of the king
2. Called Esther’s feast in her honour
3. Release made by the king to the provinces; probably a release from taxes
4. Gifts were given according to the state of the king; that is, great gifts which were in accordance with the wealth and power of this king (Esther 1:7And they gave them drink in vessels of gold, (the vessels being diverse one from another,) and royal wine in abundance, according to the state of the king.
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2. Mordecai’s place of service (Esther 2:19And when the virgins were gathered together the second time, then Mordecai sat in the king's gate.
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1. The virgins were gathered once more at the end of the search for the queen.
2. Mordecai was established to sit in the gate; this would be a position of importance as a judge or other official (Genesis 19:1And there came two angels to Sodom at even; and Lot sat in the gate of Sodom: and Lot seeing them rose up to meet them; and he bowed himself with his face toward the ground;
   See All...; Psalm 69:12They that sit in the gate speak against me; and I was the song of the drunkards.
   See All...).
3. Esther’s continued discretion (Esther 2:20Esther had not yet shewed her kindred nor her people; as Mordecai had charged her: for Esther did the commandment of Mordecai, like as when she was brought up with him.
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1. She continued to hide her full identity.
2. She continued to obey the commands of Mordecai.
4. THE CAPTURE OF THE ASSASSINS (Esther 2:21-23 [21] In those days, while Mordecai sat in the king's gate, two of the king's chamberlains, Bigthan and Teresh, of those which kept the door, were wroth, and sought to lay hands on the king Ahasuerus. [22] And the thing was known to Mordecai, who told it unto Esther the queen; and Esther certified the king thereof in Mordecai's name. [23] And when inquisition was made of the matter, it was found out; therefore they were both hanged on a tree: and it was written in the book of the chronicles before the king.
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1. The Plan to Kill the King (Esther 2:21In those days, while Mordecai sat in the king's gate, two of the king's chamberlains, Bigthan and Teresh, of those which kept the door, were wroth, and sought to lay hands on the king Ahasuerus.
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1. The anger of the two doorkeepers: Bigthan and Teresh
2. The plot against the life of the king
3. Note: These things transpired while Mordecai sat in the king’s gate.
2. The Revelation of the Plan (Esther 2:22And the thing was known to Mordecai, who told it unto Esther the queen; and Esther certified the king thereof in Mordecai's name.
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1. Mordecai’s discovery of the plot against the king
2. Mordecai’s revelation of the plot to Esther
3. Esther’s record in the name of Mordecai; she did not try to exalt herself and this was probably the key to her beauty and why she was favoured above so many other beautiful girls (compare Esther 2:9And the maiden pleased him, and she obtained kindness of him; and he speedily gave her her things for purification, with such things as belonged to her, and seven maidens, which were meet to be given her, out of the king's house: and he preferred her and her maids unto the best place of the house of the women.
   See All..., 15, 20).
3. The Record of the Good Deed (Esther 2:23And when inquisition was made of the matter, it was found out; therefore they were both hanged on a tree: and it was written in the book of the chronicles before the king.
   See All...; Colossians 3:23-24 [23] And whatsoever ye do, do it heartily, as to the Lord, and not unto men; [24] Knowing that of the Lord ye shall receive the reward of the inheritance: for ye serve the Lord Christ.
   See All...; 1 Timothy 5:25Likewise also the good works of some are manifest beforehand; and they that are otherwise cannot be hid.
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1. The confirmation of the plot by investigation
2. The execution of the two criminals: by hanging on a tree
3. The record of the matter in the book of chronicles of the king

CONCLUSION: The central story of this chapter is the meek and quiet spirit of Esther (1 Peter 3:1-4 [1] Likewise, ye wives, be in subjection to your own husbands; that, if any obey not the word, they also may without the word be won by the conversation of the wives; [2] While they behold your chaste conversation coupled with fear. [3] Whose adorning let it not be that outward adorning of plaiting the hair, and of wearing of gold, or of putting on of apparel; [4] But let it be the hidden man of the heart, in that which is not corruptible, even the ornament of a meek and quiet spirit, which is in the sight of God of great price.
See All...). She did not push herself to the front of the crowd. She did not demand to be noticed. But God established her in a place of importance and a place where she would play a major part in the preservation of the Jews.